Analyzing A Number Of Business Ratios From A Business...

The purpose of this report is to analyse a number of business ratios from a business financial terms. We presented information about the ROA, current ratio, PE ratio etc. and provided how Tesla’s performance was in the share market. These data would be useful for investors when they make investment decisions, and it is also important to Tesla’s managements for corporation development in the future. It is recommended that it is difficult to evaluate precisely on the share price due to the incompletely exposure on the overall information.Tesla Motors, Inc. is a technology innovation company which designs, manufactures and sells electronic vehicle. Electronic vehicle not only save money, but also contribute efficiently a healthy and stable†¦show more content†¦If earnings are expected to grow in the future, the estimated P/E will be lower than the current P/E. This measure is also used to compare one company to another with a forward-looking focus. Earnings per sh are reflects the profitability of the business. This rate indicates the profit per share created. The higher EPS, the more profit created. However, the low EPS doesn’t necessarily mean the business has performed badly. Although Tesla’s EPS growth rate (-193.6% EPS for the current year) is low, Tesla is seen as a prospective business. The reason is the business earns and reinvest its earning back to other field for business development. And the next year expected high EPS growth (135.47%) can also be the fully illustration on this. Return on assets (ROA) measures how profitability a business relates to its total assets. Generally, ROA needs to be positive if the business is growing. However, not all companies with negative ROAs are always bad investments. Tesla’s negative ROA are interpreted that high risk project (trade to fuel) have been reinvested. Although this investment is expected to have a negative ROA after one year or an initial period, but improve over time. When investing in a new area, it takes several years to turn a profit on its initial investment. Current ratio and quickShow MoreRelatedPeach Blossom1288 Words   |  6 PagesRisks: After analyzing the financial statements of Peach Blossom Cologne Company, we have concluded through the change analysis the following accounts contain some measure of audit risk.   In analyzing the change analysis we concluded on threshold amounts of any change exceeding 15% and above the amount of $5000.   If both criteria were met, a business reason and possible client error reason were provided.   The following accounts provide the possibility for audit risk: Cash- Business reason: AcquiredRead MoreFinancial Ratio Analysis in a Company859 Words   |  3 Pagesto Olowe (1997), Financial Ratio Analysis is the relationship between the performance of a company and the monetary data in the financial statements to assist the economic conditions. Financial ratio was defined by Robert (1994) as two financial variables being used that have been taken from either the income statement or from the balance sheet. Ratio analysis is a tool that is brought in by individuals to perform an evaluative analysis of information in the company’s financial statements. It isRead MoreAnalysis of United Technologies Corporation1672 Words   |  7 Pageshelicopters. The industrial side is comprised of; Otis, Carrier and Kidde. Having such a diverse and global mix of business brings both stability and cross functional talent to every business unit across the globe. With over 200,000 employees worldwide UTC has an uncompromised diverse workforce. The financial data that has been analyzed within will show conclusively how healthy UTC’s business is. The data will show areas that are striving and others that may be lacking. It is imperative that one lookRead MoreRatio and Financial Ratio Analyisis1712 Words   |  7 PagesRatio and Financial Statements Analysis Kimberly Y. Gruber University of Maryland University College Dr. Sunando Sengupta 07/25/2013 Turnitin Score: 23% Executive Summary The purpose of this paper is to examine ratio and financial statement analysis. Such analysis is a useful tool for managers and stakeholders to evaluate a company’s financial health in order to identify opportunities for growth and areas of weakness so as to institute corrective measures.   Financial statements are usedRead MoreMueller Water Products Case Study1656 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Mueller Water Products, Inc. Mueller Water Products is the parent company of two smaller business units – Mueller Co. and Mueller Technologies – which makes up one of the largest U.S. manufacturers and distributors of fire hydrants, gate valves, and other water infrastructure products. A merger occurred between Mueller Water Products, LLC, Mueller Water Products Co-Issuer, Inc., and Muller Holdings Company, Inc. in September of 2005 that led to the creation of Mueller Water Products,Read MoreFinancial Analysis1076 Words   |  5 PagesCango Financial CanGo Financial Analysis Report The success of a business depends on its ability to remain profitable over the long term, while being able to pay all its financial obligations and earning above average returns for its shareholders. This is made possible if the business is able to maximize on available opportunities and very efficiently and effectively use the resources it has to create maximum value for all involved stakeholders. One way the performance of a company can be measuredRead MoreCango Financial1127 Words   |  5 PagesCanGo Financial Analysis Report The success of a business depends on its ability to remain profitable over the long term, while being able to pay all its financial obligations and earning above average returns for its shareholders. This is made possible if the business is able to maximize on available opportunities and very efficiently and effectively use the resources it has to create maximum value for all involved stakeholders. One way the performance of a company can be measured on critical areasRead MoreAnalyzing Financial Statements Of Mandrake Motorcycle1018 Words   |  5 PagesAnalyzing Financial Statements of Mandrake Motorcycle Scott Giles, Dayne Dickson, Dale Bierman Bellevue University  Analyzing Financial Statements of Mandrake Motorcycle When companies have an interest in partnering, it is prudent for each to conduct a financial analysis–ensuring that both parties are making a sound investment. The purpose of the financial analysis is to scrutinize the profitability and financial stability of a company, while addressing any concerns (Jiambalvo, 2014, p. 535)Read MoreWileyPLUS Chapter Two1272 Words   |  6 Pagesclassified balance sheet. In a classified balance sheet, companies classify assets as current assets; long-term investments; property, plant, and equipment; and intangibles. They classify liabilities as either current or long-term. A stockholders equity section shows common stock and retained earnings. 2Identify and compute ratios for analyzing a companys profitability. Profitability ratios, such as earnings per share (EPS), measure aspects of the operating success of a company for a given periodRead MoreApple Inc. An American Corporation1259 Words   |  6 Pagescurrently has 92,600 employees worldw ide. However, there are 1,027,000 U.S jobs created or supported by Apple. 627K jobs are attributed to the iOS ecosystem, 334K jobs are at other companies resulting from Apple’s spending and growth. Apple has 265 retail stores across the country; 66K is the total number of employees in the U.S. The members on the board of directors consist of Arthur D. Levinson, Ph.D Chairman of the Board, Andrea Jung, President and CEO of Grameen America, Inc., Tim Cook Apple’s CEO

Multiple Sclerosis Diseases Free Essays

Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that bewilders us all.. There is no known cause. We will write a custom essay sample on Multiple Sclerosis Diseases or any similar topic only for you Order Now We do know that MS (multiple sclerosis) is a disease where the myelin breaks down and is replaced by scar tissue. The demyelination can slow down or block the flow of signals to and from the central nervous system to the rest of the body, impairing such functions as vision, strength, and coordination. 1 While we do know what MS is we still don’t know why, where and when people contract the disease. It has been proven that MS generally appears between the ages of twenty to forty and it strikes women at more than twice the ratio it strikes men. Statistics have also shown that the disease strikes the middle and upper class more than the lower class and poor. Worldwide research shows that MS has a broad geographical distribution. It has long established that MS is more prominent in colder regions and rare in tropical areas. Maine being a colder climate has shown some of the highest rates of MS. 2 There is evidence of a slight increase in MS among first degree relatives–parents, siblings, and children. It is also suspected that the same family members may inherent a genetic susceptibility to MS. While it is possible to inherit a genetic susceptibility to MS, it is not possible to inherit the disease. And even people who have all the necessary genes don’t necessarily get MS. The disease, experts believe, must be triggered by environmental factors. So MS is not considered a hereditary disease. 3 Until the definite cause of Ms is proved the treatment cannot be truly scientific. But there are treatments that are effective in dealing with symptoms. For instance, there are the common sense treatments that everyone, with or without an illness, should treat themselves with, which are: A healthy diet, exercise, sufficient amount of rest and to live your life as you would normally. There are also lots of drugs that treat many of the different symptoms. Since there are so many symptoms and treatments, I will only list a few: Treatments that increase the blood flow, that decrease blood clotting, treatments for chemical eccess or deficiency, treatments to prevent infection and treatments for the immune system. Treatment and rehabilitation have also been joined together. Weakness is one of the major symptoms of Ms and can be treated with physical therapy and strengthening exercises. One of the best exercises for reducing weakness in the limbs is hydrotherapy. Hydrotherapy is done in the water. Hydrotherapy exercises use the benefits of buoyancy. Another way to eliminate weakness is to stay off a weak limb. Overall, by recognizing limits and using common sense, weakness can be greatly diminished. 4 Spasticity, another MS symptom, is most effectively treated with physical therapy. Cold is an excellent temporary measure for relaxing the spastic limb. Hydrotherapy is, again, the most effective exercise for relief, combining stretching and cool temperatures. There are also many medications for spasticity, such as Baclofen, Dantrollene, and Diazepam. Relaxation techniques such as yoga, transcendental meditation, biofeedback, have been successful with spasticity as well. 5 Some MS patients might have mild to sever balance trouble. In mild cases, the person can learn how to compensate easily by standing and walking with a little wider base and taking short steps rather than long strides. When balance trouble is a little more severe, a four-pronged cane, crutches or a walker may be necessary. Someone with MS could have visual problems. The problem varies from decreased acuity, blurred or cloudy vision, and double vision. The treatment depends on the stage of the problem. If it is a new part of an attack, visual loss responds to steroids. If it is a persistent problem, glasses or special lenses might be the best treatment. 7 Bladder problems are unfortunately not uncommon with MS. The most common are frequency and urgency. There are three good medications that relieve symptoms when they are present for more than a week or two: Pro-Banthine, Ditropan and Tofranil. Iif bladder problems do not respond to medication, a complete bladder training problem may be prescribed. 7 The treatments and medications used ten years ago are still effective and still being used but there are medical breakthroughs being announced regularly. In October of 1994, there was a medical breakthrough. Researchers found out that an anticancer drug stops the most crippling form of MS. The drug is Cladribine and the results are dramatic. A study was done on 49 patients with progressive chronic MS, which effects about 53,000 Americans and is the most severe form of MS. Half of the patients were given the drug and the other half were given a placebo. For the patients that were given Cladribine the spread of MS stopped for all patients and some improved. Their legs no longer shook and they no longer needed canes or braces. Dr. Ernest Beutler stated: â€Å"It’s the only agent that has clearly been shown to stop the progression of the disease. â€Å"8 Another treatment that is not new or a medical breakthrough but is very effective and gaining popularity with MS patients is Apitherapy, which is the scientific name for the bee venom that is used by MS patients. Doctors aren’t exactly sure why the bee venom is effective. They know that the venom contains two powerful anti-inflammatory agents, melittin and adolapin which appear to fight the neural sheath inflammation itself. One women with MS is quoted after two months of bee venom treatments: â€Å"My hearing was totally back and I was out of the wheelchair and walking with a cane†. Another example was a young women who had bladder problems. After her venom treatments she hasn’t wet the bed since she first contracted MS. Others have noticed more balance, more energy and less numbness in there legs and feet. Overall, whether it’s medication, exercise, rehabilitation, the most important factor in the treatment of this disease is to have a positive attitude, hope for the future, and a desire to live your life as you normally would from day to day. Socially MS can be just as difficult to fight as it is physically. Dating, marriage, children, careers, parents and friends can be difficult barriers emotionally. dating is hard for anyone regardless of sex, age, appearance or status in life. if your MS has visual symptoms that are apparent to others. its best to be open right away. You should go about this in whatever way is most comfortable to you. for people with mild or invisible MS, disclosure to a dating can and probably should wait. Like any other person some relationships work out and some don’t . The best advice is to date, explore new relationships and don’t be afraid to fall in love. 2 MS will have an impact on your marriage. Management of Ms requires patience and understanding. When your MS is in remission there may be no problem to face. When you’re in a new attack, your mate need to take over shopping, cooking, mowing, and caring for the children if any. the most patience and understandings comes to anned when a person with MS becomes disabled. this is the real test of love for most couples. this is when you should really take notice of what kind of problems you had before. Don’t expect your partner to feel guilty. if the marriage was meant to work it will work. If you have MS your children have probably already figured out that something is wrong before you tell them. The best approach is to be honest with your children. with each knew attack there needs to be communication. Parents with MS should watch their children for any emotional difficulties they may be having. Keeping your friends should not be a problem. Good reins stick by your side through everything. Your friends should feel comfortable with you just as you should feel comfortable with them. With making new friends it should be just the same as you made them before. You should eventually tell them about MS but it can wait until both feel comfortable with talking about it. More often it is harder for someone with MS just to hang on to a job. unfortunately it has little to do with their ability and more to do with discrimination. But today there are laws and regulations so Know one with any disability should be fired or feel thy have to quit. 2 Job hunting with Ms is a whole different issue. if you have viable symptoms, you are going to have to address your situation up front . If you have an interview you may want to be up front about it on the phone. The main thing is if you feel comfortable with yourself others will to. You should always emphasize that you are a hard worker. And be aware of discrimination because it happens all the time and it is illegal. Overall i personally believe that Ms should not get in the way of your social life. If you have a good personality you should be able to make friends and if you are a hard worker there is no reason why you should not be able to work. A positive way of thinking will definitely get you on your way. After MS patients have dealt with physical therapy, doctors, treatments and medications you may ask yourself where would therapeutic recreation come into the picture? The answer to that would depend on the person and what type of lifestyle and goals they had for themselves. today’s society is pushing everyone to physically and emotionally fit with activities such as mountain biking, swimming skiing, and walking. The reason these and many other activates are so popular is because its fun, its a hobby, receives stress and its exercise whereas riding a stationary bike is exercise but you don’t hear to many people say its their hobby or its a fun pastime. TR(therapeutic recreation) come into place with people with MS and other mental and physical disabilities because their is a need for them to fulfill their goals and expectations like everyone else. Since they have a special need a TR program or specialist can help them fulfill that need. People with MS should have the maximum participation with the fewest adaptations. Just like any other part of their life style they should develop a leisure lifestyle that is normal a possible. I think it is important for Ms patients to choose their own activates and set their own goals, within reason.! Lastly, I feel sensitive to anyone that contracts a disease, such as AIDS, or cancer. Its an awful thing if someone was an IV drug user and than they contacted the Aids Virus or if some one smoked for thirty years and they were diagnosed with lung cancer. I think one of the hardest things about Ms is that you can be healthy or not healthy know one in your family could have it and then one day you show symptoms. Physiologically Yes that would be a difficult thing to deal with. But it is a disease that is striking millions of people and after doing research I believe the positive attitude and to go on with your normal way of living is the best psychological cure. It doesn’t stop you from living, having a job, a family, hobbies, or friends. Overall when they say MS is a mystery disease i would have to agree. I think there is definite hope for a cure for the future. We have medical breakthroughs and have several clues to the disease. How to cite Multiple Sclerosis Diseases, Essay examples

Issues in management crisis

Question: Discuss about the Issues in Management Crisis. Answer: Introduction: In order to manage the unexpected and sudden adverse situation, the business organizations tend to arrange a proper crisis management with which they can rectify the faults. This crisis management aims to identify the appropriate ways to fight with the organizational threats during, before and after the incidents happen. With the help of proper public relation strategies, the business organizations can maintain their reputation among its consumers. The PR strategies can be proved to be very influential in maintaining relationship with the employees, stakeholders, creditors etc at the time of crisis. In this report, the crisis management of a leading business organization has been done with a detailed analysis of the issue, strategies and tactics along with suitable theories on it. Identification of the case: In order to analyze the crisis management of a leading business organization, the financial crisis of Woolworth Limited, Australia has been regarded. It is regarded as one of the chief retailing organization of not only Australia but of New Zealand as well. From the financial report of 2016, it is observed that this organization has secured around $62 billion, while earning a profit of around $2.1 billion. However, in this report, this organization has also mentioned about its financial loss of around $1.72 billion which seems to be the largest loss amount of the history of last twenty seven years of this organization (Woolworths.com.au, 2016). Analysis of the issues: The leading supermarket chain of Australia, Woolworth seems to struggle to maintain the previous position in the retailing market of Australia. It faces obstacles to maintain the prices of its offered products against the excellent marketing strategies of its competitors like Wesfarmers, Coles, Aldi etc. Due to the high prices of its products, the sales rate of this organization falls. Moreover, the poor promotional strategies against the fresh food campaign of Coles increases the negative impact about the food quality on the consumers in Australia. By benchmarking Coles marketing strategies to sell their products at a cheap rate, Woolworth faces financial loss which they hardly can manage. In addition, the rapid growth of Aldi in the retailing market of Australia also affects the confidence level of this organization. The main reason behind such crisis of Woolworth indicates towards their confused manner to approach the consumers and give them a strong and valid reason to shop from their stores. This organization also does not pay attention to improve their brand equity among the consumers which seems to affect the sales rate as the competing retail organizations of Australia constantly work on improving their brand image in the competitive business market (Woolworths.com.au, 2016). Application of suitable theory, ethics: In order to successfully understand the crisis of Woolworth, Everett Rogerss Diffusion of innovation theory can be applied. As per this theory, in order to increase the effectiveness of the function of a particular process, innovation actions cannot be ignored. By implementing proper new ideas, the crisis of a particular situation can be solved (Wu, Chen and Olson 2014). In this innovation process, the new idea can be circulated through the diffusion system. There are four specific elements of the developing process of innovation such as the construction of new idea, the communicating mediums, a suitable social system and sufficient time. In order to increase the sustainability through this theory, the public relation needs to be effective enough. There are five different categories of the adopters of this theory namely innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards (Schaltegger, Hansen and Ldeke-Freund 2016). Figure: Diffusion of innovation theory (Source: Roche, Propeck-Zimmermann and Mericskay 2013) Applying this theory in the case of Woolworth seems to be appropriate to resolve the financial crisis. After a detailed study of the demands and needs of the Australian retail market, this organization needs to adapt proper new idea to provide fresh food items to their consumers at a reasonable price without affecting their desired profit amount. In order to circulate their new intention, they need to strengthen their communication mediums with the help of electronic media and social media so that the Australian consumers may know about their latest discounts and good quality food items (Berger, Imbierowicz and Rauch 2016). This organization needs to approach their consumers directly with the help of their social media official page where the consumers can know updated information about this organization. If the management of this organization increases its communication mediums, it will subsequently reach to a wide range of consumers with their new idea. In order to gain the positiv e impact, this organization needs to give some time so that it can rightfully approach the mindset of the consumers who will ultimately determine its effectiveness (Cohen et al. 2014). Media and environmental analysis: Strength It seems to be one of the major retailers of Australia. It has very effective human resource team along with technical excellence and leading market position (Gerow, Thatcher and Grover 2015). It aims to provide positive effort to save the environment by reducing carbon footprint along with reducing the food wastage amount (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015). Weakness This organization faces major obstacle in growing their market share rapidly as it mainly focuses upon providing their products at high prices so that it can overcome its financial loss (Grgoire, Salle and Tripp 2015). Opportunity As the retailing market of Australia possesses a great potential because the demands and needs of the consumers are rapidly changing. Moreover, the advancement of technology along with the supply chain system tends to encourage the retailing organization of Australia for further growth (Gruber et al. 2015). Woolworth also aims to increase their potential by adapting new strategy to provide the consumers quality products in reasonable prices. Threat This organization is facing massive threat from its major competitors namely Aldi and Coles. The rapid growth of these organizations along with their perfect marketing strategies creates threat for Woolworth which presently fails to attract the consumers towards their products for the high prices. On the other hand, the high amount of carbon tax, implemented by Australian Government creates major threat for all retailing organizations, especially Woolworth which restricted the business exposure of this organization. Table: SWOT analysis of Woolworth Limited, Australia (Source: Woolworths.com.au, 2016) The role of media in handling the situation during crisis of an organization seems to be very importance because with the help of media, the management of the affected organization can influence the people to act responsibly so that the organization can overcome its crisis as soon as possible. In the case of Woolworth, it needs to take the help of social media in order to inform the Australian consumers about the adverse financial situation (Jin, Liu and Austin 2014). It can help them to maintain their reputation among its consumers and will also help them to maintain their sales rate even during the crisis period so that they can overcome the financial loss faster. Even if, they do not bother to maintain their media connection, it will affect their reputation among consumers as media can reveal the major flaws of this organization behind this huge financial loss. Stakeholder analysis: The stakeholders analysis refers to the strategic analysis with which the business organizations tend to identify the evil factors which can harm the systematic function. In the case of Woolworth, the stakeholders can actively participate in the monitoring process of the financial crisis along with participating in identifying the key reasons behind this critical situation (Kuipers et al. 2014). Woolworth Limited can also take the help of the feedbacks of their stakeholders so that they can successfully identify the potential risks that can affect the function of their organization along with identifying the key responsible individuals who can take active participation in the crisis management (Ogunleye 2014). This analysis of the present situation and the potentiality of further growth can help to attract other stakeholders as well. Strategy Development of effective communication In order to face the financial crisis together, the management of Woolworth needs to adapt effective communication system with which they can inform all their employees about the crucial time of their organization. This effective communication will definitely help the employees to understand their responsibilities towards the organization in resolving the financial crisis. On the other hand, by developing effective media communication, through both print and electronic media, this organization can be able to leave positive impact upon its consumers (Roche, Propeck-Zimmermann and Mericskay 2013). With the help of media, Woolworth can inform the consumers about their financial crisis so that they can gain sympathy from them that can help to increase their sales rate. Healthy discussion about the financial crisis In order to resolve the crisis period faster, the management of Woolworth needs to discuss with their employees so that they can also take active participation and contribute their own ideas. In this way, the loyalty of the employees towards the crisis period of their organization can be lifted effectively (Schlesinger and Doyle 2015). This kind of frank communication among the employees of Woolworth can be proved to be fruitful in maintaining the performance level adequate to the crisis period. Needs to finalize key organizational crisis message This organization needs to adapt the key message strategy so that it can continuously inform its stakeholders and consumers about the latest updates in managing the crisis situation. The organization knows about their latest financial position which they need to inform their stakeholders as well to maintain the business ethics (Schnackenberg and Tomlinson 2016). In order to avoid the limited word message pattern of the social networking sites, this organization can employ specific links in their official sites so that the interested people can go to the link and get to know the current financial situation. Tactics: Needs to develop crisis communication team In order to handle the critical financial situation of the organization, the management of Woolworth needs to build an executive team so that it can communicate with the stakeholders, consumers and above all with the employees about the critical financial situation (Taneja et al. 2014). This team needs to include the legal advisor along with the public relation executive so that they can evaluate the impact of this financial crisis upon the consumers and stakeholders and can take necessary measures to improve the reputation of their organization. Needs to train the spokesperson of the organization In order to communicate with the media and other related stakeholders along with the consumers, the management of Woolworth needs to identify suitable spokes person from their organization who can communicate the present situation of the organization with the outer world (Van Der Vegt et al. 2015). By providing the selected candidate proper training and selecting the appropriate communication medium such as social media, traditional print media etc, this organization can inform the outer world about their present financial situation in a more convenient way. Employment of monitoring systems The crisis communication team of Woolworth needs to employ suitable monitoring system so that they can provide their effective share in measuring the crisis response along with maintaining adapting prevention measures (Wu, Chen and Olson 2014). With the help of this monitoring system, this organization can identify the feedback of the stakeholders along with their customers with which they can determine appropriate crisis management tactics. There are a number of communications monitoring systems that this organization can adapt such as Google alerts, Hootsuite etc. Conclusion: In this way, the crisis management of Woolworth Limited has been done by putting emphasis on the issue. The media and environmental factors are also explored so that the proper reason behind this crisis can be identified. The whole crisis management has been strengthened with the help of suitable theory on crisis management. The stakeholders point of view behind this crisis of this organization has also been analyzed. Required PR strategy and tactics are also suggested to resolve the financial crisis of this organization more effectively. References Berger, A.N., Imbierowicz, B. and Rauch, C., 2016. The roles of corporate governance in bank failures during the recent financial crisis.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,48(4), pp.729-770 Cohen, L.J., Cornett, M.M., Marcus, A.J. and Tehranian, H., 2014. Bank earnings management and tail risk during the financial crisis.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,46(1), pp.171-197 Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education Gerow, J.E., Thatcher, J.B. and Grover, V., 2015. Six Types of IT-Business Strategic Alignment: An investigation of the constructs and their measurement.European Journal of Information Systems,24(5), pp.465-491 Grgoire, Y., Salle, A. and Tripp, T.M., 2015. Managing social media crises with your customers: The good, the bad, and the ugly.Business Horizons,58(2), pp.173-182 Gruber, D.A., Smerek, R.E., Thomas-Hunt, M.C. and James, E.H., 2015. The real-time power of Twitter: Crisis management and leadership in an age of social media.Business Horizons,58(2), pp.163-172 Jin, Y., Liu, B.F. and Austin, L.L., 2014. Examining the role of social media in effective crisis management: The effects of crisis origin, information form, and source on publics crisis responses.Communication research,41(1), pp.74-94 Kuipers, B.S., Higgs, M., Kickert, W., Tummers, L., Grandia, J. and Van der Voet, J., 2014. The management of change in public organizations: A literature review.Public Administration,92(1), pp.1-20 Ogunleye, J., 2014. Contrasting cases of corporate crisis management systems: a research report.International Journal of Knowledge, Innovation and Entrepreneurshi,2(1), pp.109-116 Roche, S., Propeck-Zimmermann, E. and Mericskay, B., 2013. GeoWeb and crisis management: Issues and perspectives of volunteered geographic information.GeoJournal,78(1), pp.21-40 Schaltegger, S., Hansen, E.G. and Ldeke-Freund, F., 2016. Business models for sustainability: Origins, present research, and future avenues. 2(1), p. 201 Schlesinger, P. and Doyle, G., 2015. From organizational crisis to multi-platform salvation? Creative destruction and the recomposition of news media.Journalism,16(3), pp.305-323 Schnackenberg, A.K. and Tomlinson, E.C., 2016. Organizational transparency: A new perspective on managing trust in organization-stakeholder relationships.Journal of Management,42(7), pp.1784-1810 Taneja, S., Pryor, M.G., Sewell, S. and Recuero, A.M., 2014. Strategic crisis management: A basis for renewal and crisis prevention.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,15(1), p.78 Van Der Vegt, G.S., Essens, P., Wahlstrm, M. and George, G., 2015. Managing risk and resilience.Academy of Management Journal,58(4), pp.971-980 Woolworths.com.au, (2016), Woolworth Limited, Available from: https://www.woolworths.com.au [Accessed on 6 Feb, 2016] Wu, D.D., Chen, S.H. and Olson, D.L., 2014. Business intelligence in risk management: Some recent progresses.Information Sciences,256, pp.1-7